标题:
孕前护牙预防妊娠性龈炎
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作者:
liuyin
时间:
2015-8-11 15:34
标题:
孕前护牙预防妊娠性龈炎
因为身体激素的变化，女性在怀孕期间会出现意想不到的
口腔问题，所以并不是有牙病的女性才需要在孕前检查牙齿，不管是否有牙病，孕前都要先护牙。女性怀孕前应去医院口腔科进行详细检查，对孕期牙齿出现的各种问题要及早发现和治疗。此外，怀孕前清洗牙齿对改善口腔卫生、有效预防妊娠性龈炎有很大好处。
下面介绍一些孕期常见的牙病及注意事项：
1.妊娠性龈炎
女性在妊娠期间，由于内分泌改变，使原有的牙龈慢性炎症加重。表现为牙龈充血、肿胀，形成瘤样增生物。妊娠期龈炎发病率约在38%~100%之间，口腔卫生良好者的发生率较低。所以，成年人应该养成每年洗一次牙的好习惯。在怀孕前洗一次牙，改善口腔卫生，可以有效预防妊娠性龈炎。
2.龋齿
龋齿是牙齿硬组织逐渐被破坏的一种疾病，病变继续发展就形成龋洞（牙洞），最终导致牙齿丧失。很多人认为龋齿是小问题，往往拖到龋洞变得很大或者出现疼痛时才就诊。如果是怀孕头3 个月，需要打麻药处理龋齿，孕妇一般不会接受。但如果不处理，牙痛又会让孕妇难以忍受。如果患有龋齿，一定要在孕前诊治，可以通过简单的充填术解决，不要等到龋坏波及牙髓引起疼痛时才去就诊。
3.智齿冠周炎
有智齿的孕妇在怀孕的头3 个月机体抵抗力下降，可能导致感染，造成局部（智齿部位）牙龈肿痛，进食吞咽时疼痛加重。如果病情进一步发展，还会导致张口受限、牙齿间隙感染，并伴随发热等全身症状，让孕妇苦不堪言。如果女性有智齿，平时常疼痛，并且患过智齿冠周炎，建议考虑拔除智齿。
4.残冠、残根
未经治疗的残冠、残根常伴随慢性根尖周炎，平时无症状，当女人怀孕时，机体抵抗力下降，易发生急性化脓性根尖周炎，需根管开放引流，并全身使用抗生素。这种治疗和用药在怀孕期间应尽量避免。如果牙齿存在残冠、残根，在怀孕前应及早治疗或者拔除。
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